Rice is the third most important crop in Niger and showsthe most rapidly increasing consumption. Rice importsgrew from 40,000 t in 1995 to 210,000 t in 2005 at a costof US$ 71.4 million in a country where nearly 60% of thepopulation lives below the poverty line [1,2]. Rice is produced mainly in the region of Tillabéry (75% national production) where about 1/7 of Niger’ s population live [3,4].With 100,000 ha of arable and irrigable lands, this regionof Tillabéry has nearly 50% of the country’ s irrigable land.There are 29 irrigated rice schemes (with double cropping each year) that cover 7,432 ha (85.3% of the nationalirrigated schemes) in Tillabéry. The average rice grain yield in this agrosystem is 3.5 to 4.5 t ha−1[5,6]. This intensive system, under the control of local farmer unions andsupervised by the Office National des Aménagements Hydro-Agricoles (ONAHA), currently produces 30,000 to
35,000 t year−1. Private irrigated systems with individual
water pumps are also found in this area. The irrigated ecosystems are planted only with improved Asia-type (Oryzasativa) cultivars. The traditional rice growing in the Tillabéry region accounts for about 62.13% of lowland rice production.
L’objectif de l’étude est de faire un état de lieux sur les périmètres irrigués dans le bassin du fleuve Niger en aval du barrage de Kandadji à la frontière Nigéria. Cette étude a été réalisée dans une approche qualitative utilisant ainsi des observations directes sur le terrain, la recherche bibliographique et des entretiens auprès de la population ciblée. Les résultats de l’étude révèlent que la plupart des aménagements hydro-agricoles se concentrent dans la région de Tillabéry le long du fleuve. Quant aux périmètres hors aménagement, on les retrouve surtout dans la région de Dosso le long du fleuve et au niveau de certaines mares permanentes.