Recherche
3 items
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Structure et diversité des parcs agroforestiers adjacents à la forêt protégée de Baban Rafi, Niger - Afrique de l’Ouest
L’objectif de l’étude est de caractériser la végétation ligneuse des parcs agroforestiers autour de la forêt protégée de Baban Rafi située dans la zone nord soudanienne du Niger.
Au total, 52 espèces réparties dans 41 genres et 23 familles ont été recensées dans la zone. Les paramètres dendrométriques et indices calculés en fonction des parcs agroforestiers varient d’un parc à l’autre. Ainsi, la densité varie de 86,25 à 129,33 individus / Ha, le recouvrement de 6,82 à 10,87.
La chorologie de la flore est caractérisée par l’abondance et la dominance des espèces soudaniennes (44,23 %) ce qui montre que la flore garde encore ses spécificités phytogéographiques malgré son état de dégradation révélé par les différents indices. Ces résultats peuvent servir de référence dans le suivi de la dynamique de la végétation des systèmes agroforestiers autour des zones protégées soumises aux sécheresses récurrentes et aux pressions anthropiques. -
Genetic and geographic variation in growth of Balanites aegyptiaca in Niger: comparing results from provenance/progeny tests in the nursery and field
Some tree improvement programs in Africa use nursery tests to investigate genetic and geographic variation in growth, but do they lead to the same conclusions as field tests? We investigated this question using provenance/progeny tests (12 provenances, 108 families) of Balanites aegyptiacafrom semi-arid Niger. The nursery test included treatments for time (12–16 months) and watering regime (reduced and normal). Family variation was significant for shoot diameter (Sdia), height (Sht), dry weight (Swt) and root dry weight (Rwt) in the nursery, and for tree height at 1 and 2 years (Fht-1, Fht-2) but not at 13.5 years (Fht-13.5) in the field. Provenance variation was significant only for root/shoot weight ratio (RSwt) in the nursery. Family mean Fht-1 and Fht-2 were positively correlated with all nursery growth variables except RSwt. Provenance mean Fht-2 was positively correlated with Sht, while provenance mean Fht-13.5 was negatively correlated with Swt and positively correlated with RSwt. Family mean survival at 13.5 years was positively correlated with Swt, Sdia, Fht-1 and Fht-2. Family mean Rwt, RSwt and Fht-2 increased from the more humid western to the drier eastern locations. -
Trend and Structure of Populations of Balanites aegyptiaca in Parkland Agroforestsin Western Niger
In Sub-Saharan Africa, trees and shrubs are intentionally cultivated with crops for multiple ecological and socioeconomical benefits [1-3]. Agroforestry systems are important for improving crop productivity, maintaining ecosystem integrity, and limiting capital resources depletion such as water, nutrients and soil [4,5]; mitigating the effect of global climate changes due to permanent tree cover that stores terrestrial carbon [6-9]; and reducing forest destruction by providing wood and non-timber products for human wellbeing [10]. Classically, agroforestry systems have been classified into six categories in which the woody plant component has the central role in the functioning of the agroforestry systems. These systems include crops under tree cover, agroforests, agroforestry in a linear arrangement, animal agroforestry, sequential agroforestry and minor agroforestry techniques [11]. The systems of crops under tree cover include all combinations of trees and crops in which the woody component creates an upperstorey covering the crops.